Solving ill-posed Image Processing problems using Data Assimilation. Application to optical flow

نویسندگان

  • Dominique Béréziat
  • Isabelle Herlin
چکیده

Data Assimilation is a methodological framework used in environmental sciences to perform forecasts with complex systems such as meteorological, oceanographic and air quality models. Data Assimilation requires the resolution of a system with three components: one describing the temporal evolution of the state vector, one coupling the observations and the state vector, and one defining the initial condition. In this article we use this mathematical framework to study a class of ill-posed Image Processing problems, which are usually solved using regularization techniques. To this end, the ill-posed problem is formulated according to the three-component system of the Data Assimilation framework. To illustrate the method, an application for computing optical flow is described. Key-words: data assimilation, iill-posed problem, regularization, image assimilation, optical flow, motion. in ria -0 02 64 66 1, v er si on 4 19 J ul 2 00 8 Résolution des problèmes mal posés du traitement d’image par Assimilation de Données. Application au flot optique Résumé : L’Assimilation de Données est un cadre méthodologique utilisé en sciences de l’environnement pour la prédiction des systèmes complexes, que sont les modèles météorologiques, océanographiques, ou encore de qualité de l’air. L’Assimilation de Données opère en résolvant un système à trois composantes: une première équation décrit l’évolution temporelle du vecteur d’état; une seconde équation décrit la relation entre le vecteur d’état et l’observation; enfin, une dernière équation décrit la condition initiale. Dans ce rapport, nous utilisons ce cadre mathématique pour l’étude des problèmes mal posés du traitement d’image, habituellement résolus par des techniques de régularisation. Pour cela, le problème est formulé au moyen du système à trois composantes de l’Assimilation de Données. Comme illustration, cette approche est appliquée au calcul du flot optique. Mots-clés : assimilation de données, problème mal posés, régularisation, assimilation d’images, flot optique, mouvement. in ria -0 02 64 66 1, v er si on 4 19 J ul 2 00 8 Data Assimilation and Image Processing 3

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تاریخ انتشار 2008